现代制造工程 ›› 2018, Vol. 454 ›› Issue (7): 23-26.doi: 10.16731/j.cnki.1671-3133.2018.07.005

• 实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于卡尔曼滤波的数控机床主轴热误差建模研究

赵家黎, 黄利康, 李桥林   

  1. 兰州理工大学机电工程学院,兰州 730050
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-23 出版日期:2018-07-20 发布日期:2018-07-20
  • 作者简介:赵家黎,博士,副教授,主要从事数字化设计与制造,过程质量控制研究等。E-mail:j_l_zh@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51265024)

Modeling research on machine tool spindle thermal error based on Kalman filter method

Zhao Jiali, Huang Likang, Li Qiaolin   

  1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China
  • Received:2017-05-23 Online:2018-07-20 Published:2018-07-20

摘要: 为提高数控机床精度,提出一种基于卡尔曼滤波法的机床误差建模新方法,将统计模型的回归系数看作状态向量,统计模型视为观测方程,利用卡尔曼滤波法实现了统计模型的建模,由于卡尔曼滤波法属于线性最小方差估计,所以相比最小二乘法可望获得更高的建模精度。对一台立式加工中心,利用温度传感器与非接触式激光位移传感器同步测量主轴温度变化及热误差,利用卡尔曼滤波法构建的热误差模型分别与利用最小二乘法(LS)、最小二乘支持向量机法(LS-SVM)构建的模型进行对比,结果表明:卡尔曼滤波法的建模精度比最小二乘法和最小二乘支持向量机法分别高10.5 %和 1.8 %,且建模时间比最小二乘法和最小二乘支持向量机法分别少0.9 %和6.8 %。

关键词: 卡尔曼滤波, 热误差, 机床主轴, 建模

Abstract: In order to improve the machine tool accuracy,a new modeling method of CNC machine tool thermal error which is based on the Kalman Filter is presented.Regard the regression coefficient of statistic model as a state vector,take the statistic model for the observation equation,and the statistic model has been realized by using the Kalman Filter method.Compared with the least squares,the Kalman method which is the least linear estimator of variance can be obtained the higher accuracy.The changing temperature of the spindle and the heat deformation is measured at the same time by using the transducer on the CNC machine tool.The model of Kalman filter is compared with the model of the least squares and the LS-SVM method.It shows that the accuracy of Kalman filter model is 10.5 % and 1.8 % higher than the LS and LS-SVM model.Moreover,the modeling time of Kalman method is 0.9 % and 6.8 % less than the modeling time of LS and LS-SVM method.

Key words: Kalman filter, thermal error, CNC machine tool spindle, model

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